# Interface RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator

All Superinterfaces:
  `RandomGenerator, RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator, RandomGenerator.StreamableGenerator`

All Known Subinterfaces:
  `RandomGenerator.ArbitrarilyJumpableGenerator`

Enclosing interface:
  `RandomGenerator`

public static interface RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator extends RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator
This interface is designed to provide a common protocol for objects that generate sequences of pseudorandom values and can easily not only jump but also leap forward, by a large amount (ex. 2128), to a very distant point in the state cycle. Typically one will construct a series of `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator` objects by iterative leaping from a single original `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator` object, and then for each such object produce a subseries of objects by iterative jumping. There is little conceptual difference between leaping and jumping, but typically a leap will be a very long jump in the state cycle (perhaps distance 2128 or so).

Ideally, all `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator` objects produced by iterative leaping and jumping from a single original `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator` object are statistically independent of one another and individually uniform. In practice, one must settle for some approximation to independence and uniformity. In particular, a specific implementation may assume that each generator in a stream produced by the `leaps` method is used to produce (by jumping) a number of objects no larger than 264. Implementors are advised to use algorithms whose period is at least 2191.

Methods are provided to perform a single leap operation and also to produce a stream of generators produced from the original by iterative copying and leaping of internal state. The generators produced must implement the `RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator` interface but need not also implement the `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator` interface. A typical strategy for a multithreaded application is to create a single `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator` object, calls its `leaps` method exactly once, and then parcel out generators from the resulting stream, one to each thread. Then the `jump`() method of each such generator be called to produce a substream of generator objects.

Objects that implement `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator` are typically not cryptographically secure. Consider instead using `SecureRandom` to get a cryptographically secure pseudo-random number generator for use by security-sensitive applications.

Since:
  17

- ## Nested Class Summary

  ### Nested classes/interfaces declared in interface RandomGenerator

  `RandomGenerator.ArbitrarilyJumpableGenerator, RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator, RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator, RandomGenerator.SplittableGenerator, RandomGenerator.StreamableGenerator`
  Modifier and Type
  Interface
  Description
  `static interface`
  `RandomGenerator.ArbitrarilyJumpableGenerator`
  This interface is designed to provide a common protocol for objects that generate sequences of pseudorandom values and can easily jump forward, by an arbitrary amount, to a distant point in the state cycle.
  `static interface`
  `RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator`
  This interface is designed to provide a common protocol for objects that generate pseudorandom values and can easily jump forward, by a moderate amount (ex. 264) to a distant point in the state cycle.
  `static interface`
  `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator`
  This interface is designed to provide a common protocol for objects that generate sequences of pseudorandom values and can easily not only jump but also leap forward, by a large amount (ex. 2128), to a very distant point in the state cycle.
  `static interface`
  `RandomGenerator.SplittableGenerator`
  This interface is designed to provide a common protocol for objects that generate sequences of pseudorandom values and can be split into two objects (the original one and a new one) each of which obey that same protocol (and therefore can be recursively split indefinitely).
  `static interface`
  `RandomGenerator.StreamableGenerator`
  The `RandomGenerator.StreamableGenerator` interface augments the `RandomGenerator` interface to provide methods that return streams of `RandomGenerator` objects.

- ## Method Summary

  Modifier and Type
  Method
  Description
  `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator`
  `copy()`
  Returns a new generator whose internal state is an exact copy of this generator (therefore their future behavior should be identical if subjected to the same series of operations).
  `default RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator`
  `copyAndLeap()`
  Copy this generator, leap this generator forward, then return the copy.
  `void`
  `leap()`
  Alter the state of this pseudorandom number generator so as to leap forward a large, fixed distance (typically 296 or more) within its state cycle.
  `double`
  `leapDistance()`
  Returns the distance by which the `leap`() method will leap forward within the state cycle of this generator object.
  `default Stream<RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator>`
  `leaps()`
  Returns an effectively unlimited stream of new pseudorandom number generators, each of which implements the `RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator` interface.
  `default Stream<RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator>`
  `leaps(long streamSize)`
  Returns a stream producing the given `streamSize` number of new pseudorandom number generators, each of which implements the `RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator` interface.
  `static RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator`
  `of(String name)`
  Returns an instance of `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator` that utilizes the `name` algorithm.

  ### Methods declared in interface RandomGenerator

  `doubles, doubles, doubles, doubles, equiDoubles, ints, ints, ints, ints, isDeprecated, longs, longs, longs, longs, nextBoolean, nextBytes, nextDouble, nextDouble, nextDouble, nextExponential, nextFloat, nextFloat, nextFloat, nextGaussian, nextGaussian, nextInt, nextInt, nextInt, nextLong, nextLong, nextLong`
  Modifier and Type
  Method
  Description
  `default DoubleStream`
  `doubles()`
  Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandomly chosen `double` values.
  `default DoubleStream`
  `doubles(double randomNumberOrigin, double randomNumberBound)`
  Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandomly chosen `double` values, where each value is between the specified origin (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default DoubleStream`
  `doubles(long streamSize)`
  Returns a stream producing the given `streamSize` number of pseudorandomly chosen `double` values.
  `default DoubleStream`
  `doubles(long streamSize, double randomNumberOrigin, double randomNumberBound)`
  Returns a stream producing the given `streamSize` number of pseudorandomly chosen `double` values, where each value is between the specified origin (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default DoubleStream`
  `equiDoubles(double left, double right, boolean isLeftIncluded, boolean isRightIncluded)`
  Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandomly chosen `double` values, where each value is between the specified `left` boundary and the specified `right` boundary.
  `default IntStream`
  `ints()`
  Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandomly chosen `int` values.
  `default IntStream`
  `ints(int randomNumberOrigin, int randomNumberBound)`
  Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandomly chosen `int` values, where each value is between the specified origin (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default IntStream`
  `ints(long streamSize)`
  Returns a stream producing the given `streamSize` number of pseudorandomly chosen `int` values.
  `default IntStream`
  `ints(long streamSize, int randomNumberOrigin, int randomNumberBound)`
  Returns a stream producing the given `streamSize` number of pseudorandomly chosen `int` values, where each value is between the specified origin (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default boolean`
  `isDeprecated()`
  Return true if the implementation of RandomGenerator (algorithm) has been marked for deprecation.
  `default LongStream`
  `longs()`
  Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandomly chosen `long` values.
  `default LongStream`
  `longs(long streamSize)`
  Returns a stream producing the given `streamSize` number of pseudorandomly chosen `long` values.
  `default LongStream`
  `longs(long randomNumberOrigin, long randomNumberBound)`
  Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandomly chosen `long` values, where each value is between the specified origin (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default LongStream`
  `longs(long streamSize, long randomNumberOrigin, long randomNumberBound)`
  Returns a stream producing the given `streamSize` number of pseudorandomly chosen `long` values, where each value is between the specified origin (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default boolean`
  `nextBoolean()`
  Returns a pseudorandomly chosen `boolean` value.
  `default void`
  `nextBytes(byte[] bytes)`
  Fills a user-supplied byte array with generated byte values pseudorandomly chosen uniformly from the range of values between -128 (inclusive) and 127 (inclusive).
  `default double`
  `nextDouble()`
  Returns a pseudorandom `double` value between zero (inclusive) and one (exclusive).
  `default double`
  `nextDouble(double bound)`
  Returns a pseudorandomly chosen `double` value between zero (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default double`
  `nextDouble(double origin, double bound)`
  Returns a pseudorandomly chosen `double` value between the specified origin (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default double`
  `nextExponential()`
  Returns a nonnegative `double` value pseudorandomly chosen from an exponential distribution whose mean is 1.
  `default float`
  `nextFloat()`
  Returns a pseudorandom `float` value between zero (inclusive) and one (exclusive).
  `default float`
  `nextFloat(float bound)`
  Returns a pseudorandomly chosen `float` value between zero (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default float`
  `nextFloat(float origin, float bound)`
  Returns a pseudorandomly chosen `float` value between the specified origin (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default double`
  `nextGaussian()`
  Returns a `double` value pseudorandomly chosen from a Gaussian (normal) distribution whose mean is 0 and whose standard deviation is 1.
  `default double`
  `nextGaussian(double mean, double stddev)`
  Returns a `double` value pseudorandomly chosen from a Gaussian (normal) distribution with a mean and standard deviation specified by the arguments.
  `default int`
  `nextInt()`
  Returns a pseudorandomly chosen `int` value.
  `default int`
  `nextInt(int bound)`
  Returns a pseudorandomly chosen `int` value between zero (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default int`
  `nextInt(int origin, int bound)`
  Returns a pseudorandomly chosen `int` value between the specified origin (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `long`
  `nextLong()`
  Returns a pseudorandomly chosen `long` value.
  `default long`
  `nextLong(long bound)`
  Returns a pseudorandomly chosen `long` value between zero (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).
  `default long`
  `nextLong(long origin, long bound)`
  Returns a pseudorandomly chosen `long` value between the specified origin (inclusive) and the specified bound (exclusive).

  ### Methods declared in interface RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator

  `copyAndJump, jump, jumpDistance, jumps, jumps, rngs, rngs`
  Modifier and Type
  Method
  Description
  `default RandomGenerator`
  `copyAndJump()`
  Copy this generator, jump this generator forward, then return the copy.
  `void`
  `jump()`
  Alter the state of this pseudorandom number generator so as to jump forward a large, fixed distance (typically 264 or more) within its state cycle.
  `double`
  `jumpDistance()`
  Returns the distance by which the `jump`() method will jump forward within the state cycle of this generator object.
  `default Stream<RandomGenerator>`
  `jumps()`
  Returns an effectively unlimited stream of new pseudorandom number generators, each of which implements the `RandomGenerator` interface.
  `default Stream<RandomGenerator>`
  `jumps(long streamSize)`
  Returns a stream producing the given `streamSize` number of new pseudorandom number generators, each of which implements the `RandomGenerator` interface.
  `default Stream<RandomGenerator>`
  `rngs()`
  Returns an effectively unlimited stream of new pseudorandom number generators, each of which implements the `RandomGenerator` interface.
  `default Stream<RandomGenerator>`
  `rngs(long streamSize)`
  Returns a stream producing the given `streamSize` number of new pseudorandom number generators, each of which implements the `RandomGenerator` interface.

- ## Method Details

  - ### of

    static RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator of(String name)
    Returns an instance of `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator` that utilizes the `name` algorithm.
    Parameters:
      `name` - Name of random number generator algorithm
    Returns:
      An instance of `RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator`
    Throws:
      `NullPointerException` - if name is null
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if the named algorithm is not found

  - ### copy

    RandomGenerator.LeapableGenerator copy()
    Returns a new generator whose internal state is an exact copy of this generator (therefore their future behavior should be identical if subjected to the same series of operations).
    Specified by:
      `copy` in interface `RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator`
    Returns:
      a new object that is a copy of this generator

  - ### leap

    void leap()
    Alter the state of this pseudorandom number generator so as to leap forward a large, fixed distance (typically 296 or more) within its state cycle.

  - ### leapDistance

    double leapDistance()
    Returns the distance by which the `leap`() method will leap forward within the state cycle of this generator object.
    Returns:
      the default leap distance (as a `double` value)

  - ### leaps

    default Stream<RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator> leaps()
    Returns an effectively unlimited stream of new pseudorandom number generators, each of which implements the `RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator` interface.
    Implementation Requirements:
      The default implementation produces a sequential stream that repeatedly calls `copy`() and `leap`() on this generator, and the copies become the generators produced by the stream.
    Implementation Note:
      It is permitted to implement this method in a manner equivalent to `leaps` (`Long.MAX_VALUE`).
    Returns:
      a stream of objects that implement the `RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator` interface

  - ### leaps

    default Stream<RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator> leaps(long streamSize)
    Returns a stream producing the given `streamSize` number of new pseudorandom number generators, each of which implements the `RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator` interface.
    Implementation Requirements:
      The default implementation produces a sequential stream that repeatedly calls `copy`() and `leap`() on this generator, and the copies become the generators produced by the stream.
    Parameters:
      `streamSize` - the number of generators to generate
    Returns:
      a stream of objects that implement the `RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator` interface
    Throws:
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if `streamSize` is less than zero

  - ### copyAndLeap

    default RandomGenerator.JumpableGenerator copyAndLeap()
    Copy this generator, leap this generator forward, then return the copy.
    Implementation Requirements:
      The default implementation copies this, leaps and then returns the copy.
    Returns:
      a copy of this generator object before the leap occurred