Documentation Contents
Java Platform, Standard Edition Tools Reference
Contents Previous Next

# jdeps

Java class dependency analyzer.

## Synopsis

jdeps [options] classes ...

options

  Command-line options. See Options.

classes

  Name of the classes to analyze. You can specify a class that can be found in the class path, by its file name, a directory, or a JAR file.

## Description

The `jdeps` command shows the package-level or class-level dependencies of Java class files. The input class can be a path name to a `.class` file, a directory, a JAR file, or it can be a fully qualified class name to analyze all class files. The options determine the output. By default, `jdeps` outputs the dependencies to the system output. It can generate the dependencies in DOT language (see the `-dotoutput` option).

## Options

-dotoutput <dir>

  Destination directory for DOT file output. If specified, `jdeps` will generate one dot file per each analyzed archive named <archive-file-name>.dot listing the dependencies, and also a summary file named summary.dot listing the dependencies among the archives.

-s
-summary

  Prints dependency summary only.

-v
-verbose

  Prints all class-level dependencies.

-verbose:package

  Prints package-level dependencies excluding dependencies within the same archive.

-verbose:class

  Prints class-level dependencies excluding dependencies within the same archive.

-cp <path>
-classpath <path>

  Specifies where to find class files.

  See also Setting the Class Path.

-p <pkg name>
-package <pkg name>

  Finds dependencies in the specified package. You can specify this option multiple times for different packages. The `-p` and `-e` options are mutually exclusive.

-e <regex>
-regex <regex>

  Finds dependencies in packages matching the specified regular expression pattern. The `-p` and `-e` options are mutually exclusive.

-include <regex>

  Restricts analysis to classes matching pattern. This option filters the list of classes to be analyzed. It can be used together with `-p` and `-e` which apply pattern to the dependencies.

-jdkinternals

  Finds class-level dependences in JDK internal APIs. By default, it analyzes all classes specified in the `-classpath` option and in input files unless you specified the `-include` option. You cannot use this option with the `-p`, `-e`, and `-s` options.

  Warning: JDK internal APIs may not be accessible in upcoming releases.

-P
-profile

  Shows profile or the file containing a package.

-apionly

  Restricts analysis to APIs, for example, dependences from the signature of `public` and `protected` members of public classes including field type, method parameter types, returned type, and checked exception types.

-R
-recursive

  Recursively traverses all dependencies.

-version

  Prints version information.

-h
-?
-help

  Prints help message for `jdeps`.

## Examples

Analyzing the dependencies of Notepad.jar.

    $ jdeps demo\jfc\Notepad\Notepad.jar

    demo\jfc\Notepad\Notepad.jar -> c:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre\lib\rt.jar
       <unnamed> (Notepad.jar)
          -> java.awt
          -> java.awt.event
          -> java.beans
          -> java.io
          -> java.lang
          -> java.net
          -> java.util
          -> java.util.logging
          -> javax.swing
          -> javax.swing.border
          -> javax.swing.event
          -> javax.swing.text
          -> javax.swing.tree
          -> javax.swing.undo

Use -P or -profile option to show on which profile that Notepad depends.

    $ jdeps -profile demo\jfc\Notepad\Notepad.jar
    demo\jfc\Notepad\Notepad.jar -> c:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre\lib\rt.jar (Full JRE)
       <unnamed> (Notepad.jar)
          -> java.awt                                           Full JRE
          -> java.awt.event                                     Full JRE
          -> java.beans                                         Full JRE
          -> java.io                                            compact1
          -> java.lang                                          compact1
          -> java.net                                           compact1
          -> java.util                                          compact1
          -> java.util.logging                                  compact1
          -> javax.swing                                        Full JRE
          -> javax.swing.border                                 Full JRE
          -> javax.swing.event                                  Full JRE
          -> javax.swing.text                                   Full JRE
          -> javax.swing.tree                                   Full JRE
          -> javax.swing.undo                                   Full JRE

Analyzing the immediate dependencies of a specific class in a given classpath, for example the `com.sun.tools.jdeps.Main` class in the tools.jar file.

    $ jdeps -cp lib\tools.jar com.sun.tools.jdeps.Main
    lib\tools.jar -> c:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre\lib\rt.jar
       com.sun.tools.jdeps (tools.jar)
          -> java.io
          -> java.lang

Use the `-verbose:class` option to find class-level dependencies or use the `-v` or `-verbose` option to include dependencies from the same JAR file.

    $ jdeps -verbose:class -cp lib\tools.jar com.sun.tools.jdeps.Main

    lib\tools.jar -> c:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre\lib\rt.jar
       com.sun.tools.jdeps.Main (tools.jar)
          -> java.io.PrintWriter
          -> java.lang.Exception
          -> java.lang.Object
          -> java.lang.String
          -> java.lang.System

Use the `-R` or `-recursive` option to analyze the transitive dependencies of the `com.sun.tools.jdeps.Main` class.

    $ jdeps -R -cp lib\tools.jar com.sun.tools.jdeps.Main
    lib\tools.jar -> c:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre\lib\rt.jar
       com.sun.tools.classfile (tools.jar)
          -> java.io
          -> java.lang
          -> java.lang.reflect
          -> java.nio.charset
          -> java.nio.file
          -> java.util
          -> java.util.regex
       com.sun.tools.jdeps (tools.jar)
          -> java.io
          -> java.lang
          -> java.nio.file
          -> java.nio.file.attribute
          -> java.text
          -> java.util
          -> java.util.jar
          -> java.util.regex
          -> java.util.zip
    c:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre\lib\jce.jar -> c:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre\lib\rt.jar
       javax.crypto (jce.jar)
          -> java.io
          -> java.lang
          -> java.lang.reflect
          -> java.net
          -> java.nio
          -> java.security
          -> java.security.cert
          -> java.security.spec
          -> java.util
          -> java.util.concurrent
          -> java.util.jar
          -> java.util.regex
          -> java.util.zip
          -> javax.security.auth
          -> sun.security.jca                                   JDK internal API (rt.jar)
          -> sun.security.util                                  JDK internal API (rt.jar)
       javax.crypto.spec (jce.jar)
          -> java.lang
          -> java.security.spec
          -> java.util
    c:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre\lib\rt.jar -> c:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre\lib\jce.jar
       java.security (rt.jar)
          -> javax.crypto

Generate dot files of the dependencies of Notepad demo.

    $ jdeps -dotoutput dot demo\jfc\Notepad\Notepad.jar

`jdeps` will create one dot file for each given JAR file named <filename>.dot in the dot directory specified in the `-dotoutput` option, and also a summary file named summary.dot that will list the dependencies among the JAR files

    $ cat dot\Notepad.jar.dot
    digraph "Notepad.jar" {
        // Path: demo\jfc\Notepad\Notepad.jar
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "java.awt";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "java.awt.event";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "java.beans";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "java.io";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "java.lang";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "java.net";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "java.util";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "java.util.logging";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "javax.swing";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "javax.swing.border";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "javax.swing.event";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "javax.swing.text";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "javax.swing.tree";
       "<unnamed>"                                        -> "javax.swing.undo";
    }

    $ cat dot\summary.dot
    digraph "summary" {
       "Notepad.jar"                  -> "rt.jar";
    }

## See Also

- `javap`(1)

Contents Previous Next

Copyright © 1993, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Contact Us