S

S character

field descriptor meaning, 91

saload instruction, 331

sastore instruction, 332

security

See also access_flags item

verification of class files, 124

SecurityException, 39

semantics

attributes, optional, 107

invokespecial instruction, access flag use to select alternatives, 86

Java integer and floating-point operator support, 76

Java types that have no direct integer arithmetic support, 75

Java Virtual Machine, strategies for implementing, 82

shadowing

See overriding

shift

left int, ishl, 273

left long, lshl, 305

right int

shift (cont.)

arithmetic, ishr, 274

logical, iushr, 278

right long

arithmetic, lshr, 306

logical, lushr, 310

short type

converting int to, i2s, 237

field descriptor specification, 91

instruction set handling of, 72

integer arithmetic not directly supported, 75

loading from arrays, saload, 331

pushing, sipush, 333

storing into arrays, sastore, 332

term definition, 58

value range, 59

signature

term definition, 28

sipush instruction, 333

size

heap, setting with -ms and -mx flags, JDK 1.0.2 implementation, 63

Java stack, setting with -oss flag, JDK 1.0.2 implementation, 63

local variables, 66

method area, JDK 1.0.2 implementation constraints, 64

native method stacks, setting with -ss flag, JDK 1.0.2 implementation, 65

operand stacks, 67

slashes (/)

class name use, 89

source code

compiled, Java Virtual Machine assembly language examples, format, 340

SourceFile_attribute structure

(element of exception_table array of ClassFile structure), 108

sourcefile_index item

(SourceFile_attribute structure), 108

StackOverflowError, 40

as Java stack-related error, 62

as native method stack-related error, 65

stacks

errors

OutOfMemoryError, 65

StackOverflowError, 62, 65

Java, 62

frames allocated from, 66

size, setting with -oss flag, JDK 1.0.2 implementation, 63

native method, 65

JDK 1.0.2 implementation bug, 65

size, setting with -oss flag, JDK 1.0.2 implementation, 63

operand

code verification, Pass 3 - bytecode verifier, 128

data flow analysis, 126

duplicating top, dup, 198

duplicating top and put three down in, dup_x2, 200

duplicating top and put two down in, dup_x1, 199

duplicating top two words, dup2, 201

duplicating top two words and put four down in, dup2_x2, 203

duplicating top two words and put three down in, dup2_x1, 202

frames used to hold, 67

management instruction summary, 79

maximum number of words, 111

merging, during data-flow analysis, 130

pop two words, pop2, 324

pop word, pop, 323

size limitation, 136

structural constraints on instructions, 122

swap top two words, swap, 334

standards

IEEE 754, 7

adding double, conformance, dadd, 179

adding float, conformance, fadd, 208

comparing double, conformance, dcmpg, 183

comparing double, conformance, dcmpl, 183

comparing float, conformance, fcmpg, 211

comparing float, conformance, fcmpl, 211

dividing double, conformance, ddiv, 185

dividing float, conformance, fdiv, 214

float and double type, conformance, 59

floating-point comparison, conformance, 80

floating-point double format bit layout, high_bytes and low_bytes items, 98

floating-point operation conformance to, 76

multiplying double, conformance, dmul, 189

multiplying float, conformance, fmul, 218

remainder, drem not the same as the, drem, 192

remainder, frem not the same as the, frem, 221

subtracting double, conformance, dsub, 197

subtracting float, conformance, fsub, 225

UTF-8 format, bibliographic reference, 101

start_pc item

(element of exception_table array of Code_attribute structure), 112

(element of line_number_table array of LineNumberTable_attribute structure), 116

(element of local_variable_table array of LocalVariableTable_attribute structure), 117

startup

Java Virtual Machine, overview, 40

state

capture, frame use for, 66

objects, persistent, transient variables not part of, 26

term definition, 9

of types, static initializer role in ensuring a consistent, 46

static

See also ACC_STATIC modifier

fields

get from classes, getstatic, 228

get from classes, getstatic_quick, 399

get from classes, getstatic2_quick, 400

put into classes, putstatic, 327

put into classes, putstatic_quick, 427

put into classes, putstatic2_quick, 428

initializers, 29

as not members of a class, 25

execution of during initialization, 46

methods

invoking, invokestatic, 265

invoking, invokestatic_quick, 410

stop method

Thread

as asynchronous exception cause, 37

as exception cause, 35

ThreadGroup as asynchronous exception cause, 37

storage

automatic management system, garbage collection as, 63

data, frame use for, 66

frame allocation, 66

instructions, summary, 74

requirements, Java Virtual Machine, platform independent characterization, 61

runtime data areas

constant pool, 64

heap, 63

Java stacks, 62

method area, 63

native method stacks, 65

pc register, 61

storing into

arrays

byte or boolean, bastore, 170

char, castore, 173

double, dastore, 182

float, fastore, 210

int, iastore, 241

long, lastore, 288

reference, aastore, 157

short, sastore, 332

local variables

double, dstore, 195

double, dstore_<n>, 196

float, fstore, 223

float, fstore_<n>, 224

int, istore, 275

int, istore_<n>, 276

long, lstore, 307

long, lstore_<n>, 308

reference, astore, 165

reference, astore_<n>, 166

String class, 10

string_index item

(CONSTANT_String_info structure), 96

String type, 6

strings

See also String class, CONSTANT_Utf8_info structure

strings (cont.)

constant pool resolution of, 148

JDK 1.0.2 implementation bug, 148

conversion context, 14

String new instances creation triggered by, 49

term definition, 6

structures

class file structures, 83

subclass

term definition, 25

subpackages

term definition, 21

subroutine

jump to

jsr, 280

wide index, jsr_w, 281

return from, ret, 329

subtracting

double, dsub, 197

float, fsub, 225

int, isub, 277

long, lsub, 309

super_class item

(ClassFile structure), 87

super method

term definition, 30

superclasses

See also ACC_SUPER modifier

checking for, 126

methods, invoking, invokesuper_quick, 408

super keyword

accessing, overridden methods with, 27

accessing hidden fields with, 26

super method as constructor invocation, 30

term definition, 25

superinterfaces

term definition, 31

swap

operand stack words, swap, 334

swap instruction, 334

swapping

swap instruction, operand stack manipulation constraints, 67

threads example, 380

symbolic references

mapping to concrete values, constant pool resolution, (chapter), 139

symbols

See names

synchronization

See also ACC_SYNCHRONIZED modifier; threads

exception handling integration with, 35

instruction summary, 81

Java Virtual Machine assembly language examples, 369

locks, 386

synchronized method

double value return from, dreturn, 194

float value return from, freturn, 222

int value return from, ireturn, 272

long value return from, lreturn, 304

reference value return from, areturn, 163

void return from, return, 330

synchronized keyword

methods, 29

multithreaded actions, 53

operations, 386

specification, 386

thread-memory interaction, ordering rules, 54

syntax

class file, 84

class names references, 89

ClassFile structure, 84

descriptor grammar, 90

system services

transient variables potential role in, 26

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Java Virtual Machine Specification

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